SHELL PETROLEUM COMPANY AND ITS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN OGONILAND OF RIVERS STATE

Abstract

This research critically examines the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the performance of Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC), with a specific focus on its operations in Ogoni Land, Nigeria. The study was prompted by the persistent dissatisfaction and agitation among host communities over the perceived failure of multinational oil companies to fulfill their social responsibilities. In particular, the conflict-ridden relationship between SPDC and the Ogoni people has raised significant concerns about the effectiveness, sincerity, and implementation of CSR policies. The research aims to evaluate the extent of SPDC’s CSR engagement, identify the challenges impeding its effective execution, assess the nature of SPDC’s relationship with host communities, and analyze the environmental implications of SPDC’s activities. Drawing on a qualitative methodology that included,case reviews, the study revealed that CSR in the Nigerian oil sector, particularly by SPDC, has been largely inadequate and reactive rather than proactive. The company’s neglect of its social responsibilities has exacerbated tensions, fostered mistrust, and led to environmental degradation, which in turn has intensified hostility from host communities. Findings indicate that the absence of a structured, community-inclusive approach to CSR has not only undermined SPDC’s corporate image but also hindered sustainable development in Ogoni. The study concludes that for SPDC to achieve its operational and strategic objectives, it must prioritize community engagement, environmental protection, employment opportunities, and infrastructure development. Harmonious coexistence and mutual respect between SPDC and its host communities, supported by government oversight, are essential for long-term stability and success.